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- Adobo Sauce - Tomato based sauce used to can chipotles
- aji - South American term for chile
- Anaheim - a cultivar of the New Mexican pod type
- Ancho - a pre-Columbian pod type from Mexico maturing to red
- campanulate - shaped like a bell
- Capsicum - genus name for chiles
- Capsaicin - one of the alkaloids in chile that makes it hot
- Capsaicinoids - one of the groups of alkaloids in chiles that make them hot
- Chile or Chili - Variant(s): or chile or chil·li. (1a)Hot pepper (1b)usually chilli, chiefly British : a pepper whether hot or sweet (2)2 a : a thick sauce of meat and chilies
- Chile Pasado - dehydrated green chiles that can be reconstituted for cooking
- Chile Wilt - often refers to Phytophthora wilt caused by a fungus, can also refer to fungal disease Verticillium
- Rellenos - Culinary dish of stuffed fresh New Mexican chiles
- Chiltepin - A wild variety of piquins also called bird peppers, wild bird peppers and birdseye peppers, usually round in shape
- Chile piquin - wild red pepper that normally has a "bullet" shape
- chipotle - A smoke-dried red jalapeno
- compost - a mixture consisting of decomposed organic material used to fertilize and condition soil
- cultivar - a cultivated plant variety
- HPLC - High Performance Liquid Chromatography used to machine analyze pungency
- Hybrid - the offspring of two genetically different plants
- Long Green - the New Mexican pod type also called Anaheim, cultivars include NuMex Big Jim, NuMex Joe E Parker and Sandia
- New Mexican - a pod type developed by Fabian Garcia of NMSU in the 1880s, sometimes mislabeled as 'Anaheim'
- mole - a spicy sauce made of chiles and unsweetened chocolate
- Mulato - similar to the ancho but brown at maturity
- N-P-K - the amount of Nitrogen - Potassium - Phosphorous in a particular fertilizer
- Paprika - any non pungent, red at maturity chile that is used as a spice or for color
- Poblano - in U.S. produce markets, an green ancho or mulato
- Pod type - a horticultural division of a species, i.e. jalapeno, bell, yellow wax, New Mexican etc.
- Pungency - the heat of chiles
- Ristra - a long "string" of New Mexican chiles used for storage and decoration
- Scoville Heat Unit (SHU) - A measure of chile pungency named after William Scoville based on the dilution of chile samples until heat is no longer detected by a "taster".
- Variety - a subdivision of a species consisting of naturally occurring or selectively breed populations or individuals
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